Male and female oysters of the waters of Louisiana never meet;
rather, each sends a milky substance into the water where sperm meets egg. The
young oyster (called a "spat") grows a minute shell and searches for a hard
base to attach itself to. Once attached, the oyster adheres for life. Enclosed
within its thick, sturdy shell, the oyster is adapted for filtering minute
organisms from the surrounding water. The gills filter and collect food. The
mantle, a thin membrane that covers the body and lines the inside of the shell,
secretes the substances that make up the shell. The adductor muscles and the
hinge between the two halves of the external shell help keep the shell closed.
Except for the dark, pigmented areas where the shell is connected to the
adductor, the inner surfaces of the valves are white.
An oyster
fisherman sows empty oyster shells over the brackish waters of inland oyster
beds for the young oysters. After 18 months, the oyster beds are tonged up with
rakes and the oysters are moved closer to the Gulf waters to give them a briny,
well-seasoned flavor.
A few weeks near the Gulf waters, and the oysters
are harvested and taken to restaurants, oyster bars, and the like. Oysters are
eaten steamed, fried, or raw on the half shell. The shells were used in the
past for paving roads; affording a hard, smooth surface that kept in good
condition.
Before harvesting techniques to maximize production, oyster
beds relied on flood waters of the spring for early growth. When the river
fell, salt water inched in and flavored the oysters as harvest neared. But, too
much fresh water and the oysters died, too much salt water and the oysters were
attacked by borers. Today, saltwater intrusion is the biggest concern of the
oyster industry; reduceing the available area young oysters have to begin
life.
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