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The French Quarter of New Orleans, Louisiana, became known to the
French population as the Vieux Carre (Old Square). It is the site of the city's
original settlement, established by French explorer Jean Baptiste Le Moyne in
1718. At different times, the area was owned by both France and Spain. The
architecture of the French Quarter contains elements of both influences.
New Orleans was incorporated as a city in 1805. In 1812, Louisiana
became a U.S. state with New Orleans as its first capital. At the close of the
War of 1812, New Orleans was defended from a British attack by American forces
led by General Andrew Jackson in the Battle of New Orleans. Steamboat traffic
on the Mississippi River made the city one of the busiest ports in North
America and by 1852 New Orleans was the third largest city in the United
States. During the American Civil War, the city was captured by a Union fleet
in 1862 and remained a Union stronghold for the rest of the war.
The
Vieux Carre is the center of interest for visitors. The French Quarter features
St Louis Cathedral, the third structure to be erected on the same site since
1794. It witnessed the exchange of flags from Spanish to French to Amercian in
1803. The current cathedral, built in 1851, faces Jackson Square, a pleasant
park with General Jackson sitting on his bronze horse. Around and beyond the
Square are historic narrow streets and alleys with old courtyards, lovely
patios, deserted corridors, Creole architecture and lace balconies. A French
Quarter sightseeing carriage affords one a unique way to capture the spirit of
the Vieux Carre of the past. The French Quarter is a favorite night spot, with
Dixieland Jazz, risque entertainment and excellent hotels and restaurants.
The Riverfront Streetcar line, inaugurated in 1988, was the first to
open in New Orleans since 1926, when over 200 miles of street railway
crisscrossed the city. The new line with six vintage streetcars ties the
Warehouse District to the French Quarter along a 2 mile riverfront
route.
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