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Although reports exist of horse-drawn carriage services as early
as the 1500s, the first modern omnibus was not introduced until 1829, with
service in London followed in 1831 in New York City by a line along Broadway.
The first U.S. horse-drawn streetcar line was begun in 1831 in New York City.
By the 1860s most U.S. cities had horse- or mule-powered street railways
franchised by the city. With the Industrial Revolution and the growth of
cities, an urban system to transport people to work, social events and other
personal trips, became increasingly important.
The cable car, made
possible by the invention in 1869 by Andrew Hallidie of a grip that can grasp a
continuously running cable, was introduced in 1873 in San Francisco as a means
of public transportation. When the private automobile became available in the
1910s and '20s, many street railway companies went bankrupt. In the 1930s an
effort for revitalization of street railways was made by the Electric Railway
President's Conference Committee. Most cities, however, utilized instead the
gasoline- and diesel-powered bus, because it allowed route selection
flexibility and freedom.
The San Francisco cable cars returned to
operation in the mid-1980s after several years of repair. Transporting both
tourists and commuters, the cable car operates along several city routes,
servicing many of San Francisco attractions. Notable are the Transamerica
Pyramid Building, a white pyramid-shaped office tower with an observation area
on the 27th floor; Chinatown, one of the largest Chinese communities outside
Asia; the theater district along Geary Street; Coit Memorial Tower on Telegraph
Hill; Fisherman's Wharf, with the nearby Hyde Street Pier; and Ghiradelli
Square.
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